Have you considered investing in your community’s urban tree canopy? This factsheet is designed specifically for municipal staff, including urban foresters and climate action teams, who are involved in enhancing and managing their community’s green spaces. This resource will help you develop a strong business case to elected officials for investing in your community’s urban tree canopy by highlighting the numerous environmental, economic and social benefits that urban forests offer. 

How investing in urban forests benefits local governments

Establishing a long-term vision that prioritizes urban forests as critical urban infrastructure is a cost-effective investment that provides numerous municipal services to the community, such as:

  • Offering green infrastructure services that municipalities are already responsible for, including stormwater management, air quality improvement and carbon sequestration.
  • Reducing the impacts of climate change by absorbing carbon dioxide, reducing the urban heat island effect and managing stormwater during heavy rainfalls.
  • Increasing resilience to climate impacts like flooding and heatwaves.
  • Improving health and well-being with better air quality, more shade, reduced stress, and more greenspaces for recreation and social interaction. 

Trees provide vital ecosystem services

Ecosystem services are benefits that nature offers to support well-being. Trees provide carbon sequestration, stormwater management, cooling and air filtration.  

These services are extremely valuable because they make cities more resilient to climate change. For example, the annual value of ecosystem services by the Niagara Peninsula in Ontario, which includes the Niagara regions and portions of the City of Hamilton and Haldimand, is estimated at $331 million. 

Trees are a low-cost way to create climate-resilient communities

Trees help absorb and slow stormwater runoff, reducing flood risks. Their roots stabilize soil, preventing erosion, while their canopies can shield against strong winds. Although trees can be vulnerable to storm damage, well-planned urban forests are better able to withstand severe weather events. 

Investing in green infrastructure delivers substantial returns. For example, urban forests in Toronto have demonstrated  up to $3.20 for every $1.00 invested.

Trees can help improve public health

Trees foster community health and well-being by providing green spaces for recreation and social interaction. They improve public health by reducing stress and air pollution.

For example, PaRX is a nature prescription program that emphasizes nature as a tool for improving mental and physical health. 

 

Six steps for building a business case for your urban forest

A strong business case for your urban forest can help secure support and funding for tree initiatives in your community. The following six steps provide a structured approach for assessing the value of urban forests, engaging the right stakeholders and driving decision-making. 

Step 1: Assess ecosystem services

Develop a list of the benefits trees can provide in your community and collect data on the ecosystem services they provide (e.g., stormwater management, air quality improvement, etc.).  

Action: Consider conducting a needs assessment for your community (e.g., reducing heat islands, managing stormwater and promoting biodiversity) to determine which needs are a priority and which tree species can help meet those needs. You can make use of various data sources for this process, including publicly available census information, heat mapping and flood risk maps. Many municipalities are using the Natural Assets Initiative’s Roadmap Program to help kickstart their natural asset management journey. 

Step 2: Conduct an economic analysis

Help decision-makers understand that trees are a cost-effective infrastructure investment by analyzing the value they provide and the cost of replacing them. Integrate this analysis with existing asset management systems to compare the value of natural assets (trees and green spaces) with built assets (roads and buildings).  

Action: Seek out examples from other municipalities and academic research to quantify the economic benefits of urban forests, such as energy savings and increased property values. These can be estimated for a given municipality using the i-Tree Eco tool

Step 3: Engage people

Use a tailored approach to engage different groups within the boundaries of the municipality. This means recognizing the unique needs and interests of various groups and adapting engagement methods accordingly. Consult widely using different methods (e.g., surveys, public forums, community conversations, etc.) to gather input from as many community members as possible—particularly from equity-deserving groups. These diverse perspectives will reveal insights into the importance of urban forests in your community. 

Action: Embed equity into your urban forest project. The Tamarack Institute’s Guide for Advancing Climate Equity Through Place-Based Collaboration has ideas, stories, resources and best practices that can help.  

Step 4: Tell the story

Use stories and tangible data to make the case to decision-makers and the broader community. Focus on the benefits that resonate most with your audience (e.g., economic, environmental, social, health-related, etc.).

Action: Consider how urban forests can help achieve municipal commitments towards reconciliation and equity goals, particularly for areas of need and in underserved communities (e.g., neighborhoods with limited access to green spaces or those experiencing urban heat islands).  

Step 5: Start small

Start with small, achievable actions such as developing policies and/or bylaws that ensure newly planted trees are climate-resilient, pest-resistant and tolerant to local conditions. 

Action: Begin by assessing whether your municipality has existing policies, bylaws or plans that support climate-resilient tree planting and protection. If such frameworks are absent, outline a set of steps to initiate their development (e.g., forming a working group of key stakeholders, conducting a gap analysis of current practices, consulting with urban forestry experts, drafting initial policy proposals and engaging the public/council for feedback). If policies or bylaws already exist, consider reviewing and updating them to ensure they’re effective and relevant to current environmental challenges. 

Step 6: Ensure effectiveness

Ongoing monitoring and evaluation are essential to understanding the successes and challenges of your project. Ensure that you define clear indicators, use the appropriate technology for data collection (e.g., GIS mapping, drones, remote sensing) to monitor tree health and growth, changes in canopy cover and other key indicators. 

Action: Regularly publish reports and updates on the performance of your urban forest. Highlight successes, best practices and lessons learned.  

Trees are integral to your community

Planting and protecting trees in your community is more than a beautification effort. Trees are essential assets that provide environmental, social and economic returns. They are a low-cost way to make your community more climate-resilient while providing essential ecosystem services, improving public health and inspiring people. Strategies for making the case for urban forests can help you work with your community to achieve these vital benefits and have a long-lasting impact. 


This resource was created in partnership by Tree Canada and FCM’s Green Municipal Fund for the Growing Canada’s Community Canopies initiative, which is delivered by the Federation of Canadian Municipalities and funded by the Government of Canada. 

 

 

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This article is part of a series called Transforming communities with Sustainable Affordable Housing. The series demonstrates how energy-efficient, community-centered housing can foster resilience and well-being. Discover practical solutions for affordable, climate-friendly homes that improve lives and build a sustainable future.


In Saskatoon, SK, the National Affordable Housing Corporation (NAHC) has set a new standard with Aspen Heights, a 56-unit townhouse development that combines energy efficiency with affordability. Completed in 2024, Aspen Heights is a mixed affordable-market development that provides a fresh approach to affordable housing, where comfort, sustainability, and community truly come together. As Stacie Beever, Chief Operating Officer of NAHC, reflects, “There are so many successes worth noting and celebrating at Aspen Heights—including the achievements of our team and our high-needs tenants.”

A wide-angle aerial view of the Aspen Heights development in Saskatoon. It consists of several two-storey townhouse complexes with blue and white exterior paneling and brown peaked roofs.
 
A place to call home

Aspen Heights offers two- and three-bedroom townhomes, with 30 percent reserved for low-income households, including families and individuals with mental health and developmental needs. These homes are built with energy-saving features like extra-thick walls, insulated concrete foundations for better warmth, high-quality insulation, heat pumps that have natural gas backups, and triple-pane windows. Together, these features help keep utility costs low for residents and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.  
 


“Access to quality homes like those at Aspen Heights truly changes lives,” Beever notes, “for those who may not otherwise have the means to live in new areas and communities like this.” 

These sustainable features don’t just help the environment—they also keep costs predictable for tenants, helping them build stable lives and plan for the future.

Building connections and supporting residents

Aspen Heights is more than just a collection of homes; it’s a place where people connect and feel supported. Post-occupancy surveys reveal that two-thirds of affordable rental residents feel a stronger sense of community here. Many have reported an increased sense of safety and security—demonstrating NAHC’s commitment to creating a supportive and inclusive environment. 

“The transformations we’ve witnessed through quality housing and our tenants' newfound stability,” says Beever, “are a testament to our team’s commitment to doing what’s right for communities in Saskatchewan.”

Three people cut a ribbon outside a home in the Aspen Heights development in Saskatoon.
 
Rising to the challenge with innovation

Building a net-zero ready development in the harsh prairie climate has given NAHC opportunities to innovate and adapt. During the first two years at Aspen Heights, the air source heat pumps needed extra support, especially on Saskatoon’s coldest days. Rising to the challenge, NAHC brought in specialized HVAC experts to fine-tune the system, optimizing heating to keep residents comfortable year-round. The insights gained from Aspen Heights have already shaped NAHC’s approach to future projects. They recently completed Willow Grande, a 60-unit development with centralized commercial air source heat pumps powered by solar panels, and they are well underway on a second project, Aspen North, which further builds on the lessons learned from Aspen Heights and Willow Grande. These advancements—made possible through the learnings and support from GMF-backed projects like Aspen Heights and Plainsview Townhomes—have paved the way for more resilient, sustainable housing models across Saskatchewan.

The interior of a home in the Aspen Heights development in Saskatoon. The image shows a brand new kitchen with a refrigerator, stove, island and counter space. It has dark wood floors and white cabinets and appliances.
 
A lasting model for sustainable living

Aspen Heights has sparked economic activity in Saskatoon by creating jobs during construction and supporting ongoing employment in property management and tenant support. Staff roles, such as the Director of Tenant Inclusion & Support, ensure that residents feel at home and secure year-round. 

“The commitment to quality housing at Aspen Heights changes lives, allowing individuals and families to build brighter futures in homes they’re proud to call their own."

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This article is part of a series called Transforming communities with Sustainable Affordable Housing. The series demonstrates how energy-efficient, community-centered housing can foster resilience and well-being. Discover practical solutions for affordable, climate-friendly homes that improve lives and build a sustainable future.


In Fort Saskatchewan, AB, Heartland Housing Foundation (HHF) has transformed the local affordable housing landscape with its first net-zero energy building. Completed in June 2023, this innovative 83-unit complex was designed to meet high sustainability standards while addressing the urgent need for affordable housing in the area. Supported by the Green Municipal Fund (GMF)’s Sustainable Affordable Housing (SAH) initiative, HHF’s project demonstrates how affordable, energy-efficient housing can be both impactful and scalable.

A wide-angle aerial view of the Heartland Housing Foundation's complex in Fort Saskatchewan, Alberta. It has two adjoined buildings, each four storeys, with an exterior designed with a blue, red and white mosaic pattern. The roofs are covered in solar panels, and the parking lot also features several large solar panels that each serve as a cover above 5-10 parking spots.
 
A critical addition to Fort Saskatchewan’s housing options

Fort Saskatchewan, a growing community near Edmonton, has faced significant challenges in meeting the affordable housing needs of local families, single parents, and individuals with disabilities. The HHF project responded to this demand by introducing a range of studio, one-, two-, and three-bedroom units, all offered at below-market rates. Within 80 days of opening, the building was fully occupied, and a waitlist quickly formed, highlighting the community’s strong need for accessible, affordable housing. “We could fill another building today if we had it,” shared Nancy Simmonds, CEO of HHF, reflecting on the overwhelming demand.

Sustainability and affordability working together

At its core, the new development reflects HHF’s commitment to both environmental sustainability and long-term affordability. Equipped with 1,100 solar panels, a high-performance building envelope, and electric HVAC systems, the complex achieves net-zero energy usage by generating as much energy as it consumes. The benefits extend directly to residents, reducing utility costs and helping families save for their future. 

“This project proves that net-zero design doesn’t have to increase costs for non-profit organizations when grants are available to support these innovations,” said Simmonds. 

HHF’s design choices demonstrate how sustainable solutions can reduce the operational costs of affordable housing, benefiting both tenants and the environment.

Another wide-angle view of the Heartland Housing Foundation's complex in Fort Saskatchewan
 
Building community through partnerships

HHF has collaborated with several community partners to enhance resident support and well-being. The Robin Hood Association, which assists individuals with disabilities, occupies eight units in the building and provides vital onsite services to its clients. By offering accessible, integrated housing, HHF helps the Robin Hood Association support residents in a way that fosters community and independence. Additionally, HHF has partnered with Family and Community Support Services (FCSS), which conducts outreach for residents who may need extra support. “It’s important to us that our tenants feel supported,” Simmonds explained. “Through these partnerships, we’re not just providing housing; we’re helping residents thrive.”

A bird's-eye view of the Heartland Housing Foundation's complex in Fort Saskatchewan, showing rows of solar panels on the roofs and covering the parking lot.
 
Overcoming challenges and looking forward

The journey to complete the net-zero project was not without its challenges. Delays in securing utility agreements meant the building’s solar systems weren’t fully operational until eight months after opening. Yet, HHF persevered, learning valuable lessons along the way. “We’ve had to think creatively within the constraints of our funding, but it’s been worth it. We now have a model we can replicate in future projects,” Simmonds noted.

Looking forward, HHF is already planning its next development in Sherwood Park, where a 100-unit project will serve a range of residents, from seniors to single parents. With each new project, HHF aims to incorporate the lessons learned from Fort Saskatchewan, including the importance of community spaces and adaptable unit sizes. 

“Our goal is to build housing that supports long-term community and resilience,” Simmonds emphasized. “This project has given us the confidence and insights to keep moving forward.”

A model for sustainable affordable housing

The Fort Saskatchewan project is an example of what’s possible when affordability meets sustainability. Through its innovative design, community-centered approach, and strategic partnerships, HHF has set a new standard for affordable housing in Alberta. 

“Providing safe, affordable, and sustainable homes allows families and individuals to build their futures in a place they’re proud to call home.”

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Summary

Residential homes contribute approximately 25 percent of Saskatoon's emissions, highlighting their significance in the city's strategy to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050. To address this, Saskatoon introduced the Home Energy Loan Program (HELP), offering homeowners low-interest loans for energy-efficiency and renewable-energy retrofits. The city is also exploring options to expand the program to multi-unit residential and commercial buildings.

Background

In 2019, the City of Saskatoon, SK, identified energy-efficient home retrofits as a key opportunity to reduce its emissions. With 79 percent of homes built before 2006, many are due for upgrades. The high rate of home ownership, along with the fact that 16 percent of households face energy poverty, makes this an important issue to address.

Project goals

The city wanted to make it easier for single-family homeowners to improve energy efficiency, switch to renewable energy and reduce water use. To support this, they launched a property assessed clean energy (PACE) program, offering low-interest loans and rebates to help make these upgrades more affordable.

Approach

Saskatoon launched its Home Energy Loan Program (HELP) in September 2021 using internal funding and expanded it in 2022 with financial support from FCM’s Green Municipal Fund (GMF) and its Community Efficiency Financing (CEF) initiative. It is the first program of its kind in Saskatchewan.

Through HELP, owners of single-family homes who are in good standing with the city can apply for home-retrofit loans that are repaid through property taxes over 5-, 10- or 20-year fixed terms. Loans are tied to the property, meaning that if someone sells their home, the new owner takes on the loan payments.

The city prioritizes and encourages energy-efficiency retrofits as opposed to solely transitioning to electricity, since natural gas heating is more affordable than electricity and the province’s electrical grid remains reliant on fossil fuels.

The program was immediately popular and needed a waitlist shortly after applications opened. It includes:

  • Low-interest, fixed-rate loans of between $1,000 and $40,000 to cover eligible retrofits, or up to $60,000 for deep energy retrofits that result in a reduction in energy usage of more than 50 percent.
  • Rebates for qualifying homes and projects.
  • Additional benefits such as higher rebates and waived admin fees for income-qualified households.
  • Additional tools and services (some introduced later) including a vetted contractor list, energy coaching, a solar potential map, a real estate agent training program and a home energy map that estimates a home’s energy score and suggests ways to improve.
A person wearing a black puffy jacket standing in front of a white house with solar panels on its roof.

 

Barriers

There was a high demand for EnerGuide audits, creating long wait times due to limited local resources. However, wait times improved as new companies offering these services became available. The program also created a high demand for contractors, which affected timelines, since many renovations cannot be completed during winter. This situation has since improved due to training and relationship-building, including offering contractors a webinar and a two-day boot camp focused on building envelopes and highly efficient technologies and equipment.

Results

Program results as of October 2024 include:

  • 319 homeowners approved to participate
  • 126 participants with completed projects
  • 8 completed deep energy retrofits
  • 35 GJ average energy reduction per household
  • 2.1 tCO2e average greenhouse gas reduction per household
  • $3,145,312 paid out in loans
  • $188,659 paid out in rebates, $113,960 of which went to lower-income households
  • $20,211 in utility cost savings for homeowners after the program’s first year

The top three retrofits undertaken by participants included upgrading windows and doors, installing high-efficiency furnaces and insulating attics.

Of participants who answered the city’s survey, 89 percent said they were satisfied with the financing they received, and of those, only 4 percent said they would have done the same upgrades without financing—demonstrating the program’s impact in increasing the number of home energy upgrades in the city.

Benefits

Equity and inclusion are an important part of HELP. Thirty percent of participants are from income-qualified households, which exempts them from the $500 administration fee and gives them access to additional rebates, such as $180 for a smart thermostat and up to $1,200 for window replacements.

The program has delivered strong economic benefits. In its first year, HELP is estimated to have generated $3.5 million in economic impact, added $280,000 in production taxes and creating 14 new jobs. An economic impact study provided by the Saskatoon Regional Economic Development Authority (SREDA) estimates that by the end of 2025, the program will generate an additional $10.3 million in total economic output, $810,000 in additional taxes and 43 new jobs.

Before the existence of HELP and Canada Greener Homes, air-source heat pumps were virtually unheard of in Saskatchewan. Thanks in part to their promotion through HELP as an energy-efficient alternative to air conditioners, their use has become more normalized in the province.

Lessons learned

As the program has progressed, the city has adjusted various aspects to reflect learnings. For example: 

  • Deadlines were added to program requirements to encourage homeowners to complete projects more quickly and to allow for inactive participants to be replaced with those on the waitlist.
  • To reduce the upfront cost barrier for homeowners and ensure timely payments to contractors, a 30 percent upfront contractor deposit payment was introduced and the minimum cost requirement for installment payments was removed. This allowed projects of any size to receive loan advances to cover contractor payments.
  • The threshold for income-qualified households was increased to allow more residents to benefit from the additional rebates.
  • Rebates were increased and made available to more participants, in part to fill the gap left by the closure of the Canada Greener Homes Grant program.

In addition, the timing of the energy coaching program could have been better. Since it was introduced after HELP was at capacity, it was predominantly used as a general community knowledge resource, which led to low participation. Future iterations might integrate coaching and energy retrofit education more closely to offer participants more guidance through the process, as a sort of concierge service.

Next steps

The current iteration of HELP is expected to run until June 2026. The city is working on its replacement, a new PACE program that will be available not just to single-family homeowners, but to multi-unit residential and commercial buildings as well.

Want to explore all GMF-funded projects? Check out the Projects Database for a complete overview of funded projects and get inspired by municipalities of all sizes, across Canada.

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Summary

Home heating retrofits are a significant part of the District of Saanich’s goal to reduce emissions by 50 percent between 2020 and 2030. To help homeowners transition from fossil fuels to electric heat pumps, the district created a pilot program offering zero-interest financing. The pilot was so successful, the district has now moved to a longer-term program to support even more residents in their net-zero transition.

Background

In addition to its goal of cutting emissions in half by 2030, the district of Saanich on southern Vancouver Island is also aiming to reach net zero by 2050. As part of its award-winning 2020 Climate Plan, the district estimated it needed to convert all oil heating systems and 40 percent of natural gas heating systems to electric heat pumps by 2030. The 2023 Building Retrofit Strategy reiterated the need to support residents in making this switch and identified scaling up the Heat Pump Financing Program as a high-impact action for immediate implementation.

Project goals

The district designed a property assessed clean energy (PACE) program that would allow it to help homeowners upgrade from fossil fuel–based heating to electric heat pumps.

Approach

With support from FCM’s Green Municipal Fund (GMF) and its Community Efficiency Financing (CEF) initiative, Saanich launched its Heat Pump Financing Program in April 2022 as a pilot for 50 oil-heated households. Half of the participants were income-qualified, meaning spaces were reserved for those whose household income was below a specified threshold. Participants accessed loans of up to $12,000 at zero percent interest to cover the cost of a heat pump and other related upgrades.

Local consultancy City Green Solutions worked with the district to design and administer the program. Homeowners benefited from a system where the municipality handled payments directly through City Green Solutions. Loans are repaid via property tax bills over terms of up to 10 years. Participants were also encouraged to apply for applicable provincial rebates to further reduce their loan obligations.

Following the pilot’s success, in January 2023, the district decided to extend the program for three years and expand eligibility to natural gas–heated households. The goal is to support a minimum of 200 more homes, financed by a revolving green fund with additional financial support from GMF’s CEF initiative. The extended program also includes tenanted properties and has become more integrated with Home Energy Navigator, the region’s energy coach service.

A person with hands on hips stands outside their home, in front of an outdoor heat pump unit, on a sunny day.

 

Barriers

Saanich’s program is the first in the province to use a PACE financing model. Because B.C. doesn't have PACE-enabling legislation, the district had to get creative. While municipalities in provinces with legislation can create a single bylaw and then enter into an individual agreement with each participant, Saanich has to create a new bylaw for each homeowner who joins the program. While this works functionally, it requires a significant amount of administration and limits the potential scaling of the program.

In addition, B.C. municipalities cannot use their long-term borrowing capacity to lend funds to private property owners under a PACE program, which makes it difficult for Saanich and other B.C. municipalities to scale up these types of programs.

Results

The pilot of 50 homes, including 22 income-qualified, was fully subscribed within six months. There are currently 95 active participants in the program, including 45 households who have completed their upgrades and replaced their oil or gas heating systems with heat pumps.

Participants surveyed stated that without the program, they would have delayed or not undertaken a heat pump retrofit. Income-qualified participants in particular are grateful for their zero upfront costs since the municipality and its partner manage contractor payments.

Benefits

While data collection is ongoing, the district estimates that residents who switch to heat pumps should pay less for heating than when they used fossil fuel–based systems such as natural gas–powered furnaces.

In addition, installing heat pumps supports community resiliency. Saanich’s relatively mild climate has meant that historically, few homes had air-conditioning. However, due to the effects of climate change, extreme heat events are becoming more common, making home cooling necessary for residents’ health and well-being.

The program’s commitment to equity as well as its use of zero-interest financing is making electrification accessible to people who might not otherwise be able to make the switch.

Lessons learned

The program initially focused on converting oil-based heating systems to electric due to the significant reduction in greenhouse gas emissions and the significant affordability benefits for participants. However, the district has expanded the program to include homes with natural gas heating, thereby increasing participation and maximizing overall emissions reductions and resiliency benefits.

The district is also working to make the program more accessible. For example, potential participants can visit City Hall for help with their applications if they encounter difficulties completing them on their own.

Next steps

As the program expands, district staff continue to monitor both the program and the broader landscape of federal and provincial rebates and funding programs to ensure they are providing complementary services and meeting the needs of the local community. Over the coming months, Saanich staff will be exploring a range of program updates, potentially including providing subsidized EnerGuide evaluations, increasing the maximum financing amount and allowing new retrofit measures such as electric baseboards to heat pump conversions. 

Want to explore all GMF-funded projects? Check out the Projects Database for a complete overview of funded projects and get inspired by municipalities of all sizes, across Canada.

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Background

One aspect of Kingston’s action plan to become carbon-neutral by 2040 is to retrofit 25 to 50 percent of its pre-1991 single-family homes and to reduce emissions by 30 percent per home.

Project goals

The city decided to create a property assessed clean energy (PACE) program that would support owners of single-family homes both financially and practically to help them make significant reductions in their energy usage and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, as well as to reduce their water use.

Approach

With financial support from FCM’s Green Municipal Fund and its Community Efficiency Financing (CEF) initiative, the city launched its Better Homes Kingston program in April 2022a four-year pilot project to help homeowners reduce their emissions, energy use and water use. The city is hoping to complete 500 projects by 2026 and have created a one-stop shop to make it easy for participating residents to reduce their home’s emissions. The program includes:

  • Zero-interest loans for homeowners doing eligible retrofits, with a term of up to 20 years, repayable via property tax bills.
  • A personalized energy coaching service to help participants choose appropriate upgrades and access other rebates and incentives, delivered by program partner Sustainable Kingston.
  • A voluntary training program for contractors on building science and high-performance homes.
  • An online portal so that participants can track where they are in their retrofit journey and access support as needed.
  • Additional support for lower-income applicants, including accessing a larger percentage of the loan upfront.  

To ensure that the program leads to significant emissions reductions and encourages homeowners to maximize their home’s retrofit potential, the city is offering additional incentives between $1,000 and $5,000, based on participants reaching certain energy and GHG reduction targets in their upgrades.

Woman inspecting home energy efficiency upgrade in her home.

 

Barriers

Timelines had to be extended due to prolonged waits for contractor quotes and pre-retrofit energy evaluations. Further delays arose from a heat pump recall and extended material lead times. These challenges are likely to vary across municipalities based on local supply and demand dynamics. Kingston advises engaging with contractors early on to ensure program timelines are practical and achievable.

One challenge has been the payment process for contractors. The city currently provides funds to homeowners in installments, and homeowners are responsible for paying the contractors. However, many participants found it difficult because the payments to contractors didn't always align with the city’s disbursements, leaving homeowners to cover costs in the meantime. To solve this, the city is exploring options such as offering 50 percent disbursements upfront or paying contractors directly through the program.

Results

As of October 2024, Better Homes Kingston’s achievements include:

  • 250 projects completed, 133 during the second year.
  • 662 total applications.
  • A lifetime GHG reduction of more than 17,000 tonnes of CO2e. 
  • An average GHG emissions reduction of 68 percent per home, more than double the target of 30 percent.
  • A 96 percent customer satisfaction score.
  • 23 contractors who have completed the training program.

The most common upgrades undertaken by participants included air-source heat pumps, attic insulation and electric or heat-pump water heaters.

Homeowners were encouraged to perform deep energy retrofits where possible, to maximize emissions reductions. The owner of one 1,500-square-foot semi-detached house, for instance, lowered his home’s annual GHG emissions from 17.9 tCO2e to 1.6 tCO2e—a reduction of 91 percent—by replacing windows, installing a cold climate air-source heat pump and insulating the attic, basement and exterior walls.

Benefits

Following their home upgrades, more than 80 percent of participants reported increased comfort including better temperature control, improved humidity levels and fewer drafts. Additionally, more than 60 percent have seen savings on their energy bills.

Lessons learned

The support of a resident energy coach has been vital to the success of Better Homes Kingston, providing quick, responsive support to guide participants through the process and maximize their outcomes. However, educating homeowners on the specific roles and limitations of energy coaches was equally important to set clear expectations.

Automation and streamlining also played a vital role in improving efficiency and reducing staff workload. For instance, the city created a roadmap video for participants, so the energy coach didn't have to repeatedly explain that part of the program. Despite these efforts, demand for the energy coach’s time remained high, leading the city to hire a second staff member to support program administration.

The contractor training program was also valuable, but many contractors found it difficult to attend in person due to scheduling conflicts. To address this, the training was recorded and made available online, allowing contractors to complete it at their own pace.

Managing both the development and delivery the program was challenging at times, especially when demand was high. To improve participant experience, it helped to launch a basic version of the program first, allowing time to identify and address any issues before the full rollout. At the same time, it was important for staff to stay flexible and ready to adjust the program based on feedback and changing needs.

Next steps

Kingston is currently wrapping up the initial phase of the program and, with internal capital financing, is preparing to scale up with the eventual goal of completing 250 to 400 retrofits annually. Utility bill analysis is ongoing as the city aims to measure program impact. Staff are exploring the possibility of extending the program to multi-unit residential, institution-owned and affordable housing beyond 2026.

Want to explore all GMF-funded projects? Check out the Projects Database for a complete overview of funded projects and get inspired by municipalities of all sizes, across Canada.

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This article is part of a series called Transforming communities with Sustainable Affordable Housing. The series demonstrates how energy-efficient, community-centered housing can foster resilience and well-being. Discover practical solutions for affordable, climate-friendly homes that improve lives and build a sustainable future.


In Eastern Ontario, CABN has brought an ambitious vision to life with the completion of its first net-zero affordable home pilot, featuring a patent-pending energy-informed design mechanism. Supported by the Green Municipal Fund’s (GMF) Sustainable Affordable Housing (SAH) initiative, this project reimagines sustainable construction, paving the way for affordable housing solutions that are energy-efficient, low-maintenance, and replicable across Canada and beyond.

A completed CABN home on a large lot surrounded by trees
 
A fast and sustainable build

Despite beginning construction in the heart of winter, CABN completed the building’s core structure in just 48 hours, with final touches finished in a matter of weeks. This rapid construction proved the viability of building in extreme conditions, demonstrating that sustainable prefabricated housing is achievable even in remote or underserved areas.

Powered entirely by solar energy, the home operates with zero utility costs and consumes only 6,485 kWh annually—63 percent less energy than a typical passive house, a building standard focused on ultra-low energy use and high insulation. 

“Our home uses 20 percent of the energy of a conventional build,” shared Alex Kelly, CABN’s Chief Operating Officer. “This creates new opportunities for communities to unlock land previously considered unfit for development.”

A community hub for innovation and learning

The pilot home serves as a community hub, engaging local leaders, housing providers, and builders to explore sustainable housing options. CABN hosted an open house for municipal officials and affordable housing providers to showcase the innovative design and encourage adoption in their own communities. Augusta Township’s leaders have expressed interest in expanding the project, potentially using municipal land for future developments.

Additionally, CABN established CABN Foundation, its non-profit arm, that partners with municipalities and developers to bring affordable, sustainable housing to remote, low-income, and Indigenous communities. For example, they are exploring partnerships with First Nations in Northern Ontario to build live-work housing for healthcare professionals. 

“These homes come in prefabricated pieces—like a kit—allowing us to build quickly, even in areas with narrow construction windows,” Kelly explained. 

This makes the model especially appealing to communities that face challenges like shorter building seasons or limited access due to ice road closures.

The interior of a CABN home with a kitchen, living room, fireplace, upper loft and new furnishings
 
Environmental and financial impact

The environmental benefits of CABN’s design are significant. Compared to traditional builds, CABN produces 60 percent fewer greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, thanks to the use of Forest Stewardship Council (FSC)-certified cross-laminated timber (CLT) for its walls, ceilings, and floors. For the pilot home alone, this resulted in a reduction of 3,393 kg of CO₂ emissions. Additionally, the home’s off-grid operation, powered by solar panels, avoids another 3,542 kg of CO₂ annually. These environmental savings scale dramatically in larger developments: a five-year production of 500 homes could prevent 47,000 tonnes of CO₂ emissions.

The financial impact is equally compelling. CABN's manufacturing processes—optimized through component-based design—promise a savings of up to $85 per square foot. Beyond construction, low maintenance requirements and zero energy costs offer significant savings to homeowners and housing providers.

The foundation of a CABN home under construction
 
A model for replication and growth

The pilot project has proven that CABN’s approach is scalable and adaptable. The team is currently developing a multi-residential model to meet the needs of urban environments. This new design will allow for stacked townhouses or single-level apartments, accommodating diverse needs, including seniors and families with accessibility requirements.

Meanwhile, in Toronto, CABN is working with non-profit partners, such as Two Steps Home, to introduce transitional housing for individuals experiencing homelessness. This model features individual units surrounding shared amenities like kitchens and laundry facilities. 

“Our goal with partners like Two Steps Home is to provide people with a secure place to live while they transition to more permanent housing solutions,” said Kelly.

CABN has also worked with the Community Housing Transformation Centre to develop a guidebook on creating sustainable, equitable housing communities. This resource will provide municipalities with a blueprint for integrating CABN’s model into their housing strategies, further driving innovation across the sector.

A crane works on a CABN home under construction
 
A future-focused approach

Looking ahead, CABN is expanding its partnerships to explore innovative materials and construction methods, such as alternative CLT materials—a sustainable, engineered wood product used for walls, ceilings and floors—including red pine and bamboo, as well as geothermal energy solutions. Collaborations with institutions like Carleton University further position CABN at the forefront of sustainable housing innovation.

As Augusta Township prepares for rapid population growth—fueled by new industry bringing considerable growth to the region—housing has become an urgent priority. CABN’s collaboration with the township to build a community of 67 units in a unique biomimicry-informed design, offers a sustainable and scalable solution to meet this rising demand. “The municipality has been actively seeking solutions—we’re excited to work with them on this,” Kelly noted.

From pilot to movement

What began as a single pilot home has become a catalyst for conversations about sustainable, affordable housing across Canada. The CABN project offers more than just shelter—it presents a blueprint for future communities, balancing environmental responsibility with economic and social impact.

“This project has been a springboard for incredible conversations and opportunities,” Kelly reflected. “It’s proof that sustainable, affordable housing isn’t just a dream—it’s a reality we can build today.”

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This article is part of a series called Transforming communities with Sustainable Affordable Housing. The series demonstrates how energy-efficient, community-centered housing can foster resilience and well-being. Discover practical solutions for affordable, climate-friendly homes that improve lives and build a sustainable future.


New Dawn EnterprisesPine Tree Park project in Cape Breton, NS, has reached a transformative milestone. With deep energy retrofits complete and a solar array—a system of multiple solar panels that capture sunlight and turn it into electricity—now operational, the project is delivering tangible benefits to residents and reshaping the future of affordable housing for the organization. Supported by the Green Municipal Fund’s (GMF) Sustainable Affordable Housing (SAH) initiative, Pine Tree Park isn’t just about energy savings—it’s about enhancing quality of life, building community pride, and creating a sustainable future.

A single-storey home with red siding that is part of the Pine Tree Park project in Cape Breton, Nova Scotia
 
Immediate impact

For residents, the upgrades have made a noticeable difference. Homes that were once drafty are now well-insulated, offering better temperature control year-round. A switch from oil furnaces to high-efficiency heat pumps has added a new feature many residents never thought they’d need—air conditioning. This summer, with record-breaking heat in Cape Breton, having cool air was no longer a luxury. 

“We experienced six weeks of temperatures above 30°C, which is rare for the region,” explained Erika Shea, President and CEO of New Dawn Enterprises. “Our tenants were able to stay comfortable during the heatwave—something that wouldn’t have been possible before.”

Beyond comfort, the project has brought significant financial relief. Monthly utility bills have been reduced by $200 per household, translating to annual savings of approximately $2,500 per family, or a reduction of about 78 percent from previous costs. 

“We’ve also insulated residents from volatile energy prices,” Shea noted. “With the solar array powering the homes, tenants no longer feel the impact of rising electricity rates across the province.”

A stronger, more resilient community

The retrofits and solar installation have fostered a renewed sense of pride among residents and within the broader community. Pine Tree Park is now home to the largest solar array on Cape Breton Island—an achievement that resonates deeply with the residents, many of whom live in below-market rental units.

“What’s special about this project is that it brings state-of-the-art renewable technology to a low-income community,” Shea said. “This is the opposite of what usually happens, where new technologies are first adopted by wealthier communities. There’s real pride here—our residents feel like they’re part of something significant.”

The collaborative nature of the project was key to its success. New Dawn hosted community meetings throughout the process, giving residents the opportunity to engage with the project, ask questions, and voice concerns. This proactive engagement not only built trust but also reduced disruptions during construction. “Having those conversations early on meant fewer individual concerns along the way,” Shea reflected.

The exterior of the New Dawn Centre in Cape Breton, Nova Scotia
 
From overwhelmed to empowered: Organizational growth through innovation

Internally, the project has been a game-changer for New Dawn Enterprises. When the initiative was first introduced to the board, the scale of the solar array and the complexity of the retrofits felt daunting. “At the time, we had no in-house expertise in renewables,” Shea admitted. “But now, looking back, we feel empowered. It was a turning point—what once seemed overwhelming is now second nature.”

The success of Pine Tree Park has reshaped New Dawn’s approach to property management. Going forward, retrofitting buildings and integrating renewable energy will be standard practice for every acquisition. 

“It’s like muscle memory now,” Shea said. “We’ve already completed feasibility studies for two more solar arrays, and we’re working toward net-zero energy across our entire portfolio.”

A group of people celebrates the ribbon-cutting of the Pine Tree Park project in Cape Breton, Nova Scotia
 
Expanding influence and inspiring others

The ripple effects of Pine Tree Park’s success are being felt beyond the Cape Breton Regional Municipality. Other organizations have reached out to New Dawn for guidance, including groups like L ‘Arche (Richmond County, Cape Breton), which provides support and housing to individuals with intellectual disabilities. “We’re an open book,” Shea explained. “We share everything—our funding applications, tender packages, and Indigenous engagement approaches. If we can help others follow in our footsteps, we’ll gladly do it.”

A blueprint for the future

As Pine Tree Park celebrates the completion of its solar garden and retrofits, New Dawn Enterprises is already looking ahead. The organization’s vision is clear: net-zero energy across all properties, new and old. 

“This project transformed more than just homes—it transformed us,” Shea reflected. “Every decision we make now is guided by a sense of climate responsibility and a commitment to eliminating energy poverty.”

Pine Tree Park is a testament to what’s possible when affordable housing and sustainability intersect. It’s a story of innovation, resilience, and community pride—one that New Dawn Enterprises hopes will inspire others to take bold steps toward a sustainable future.

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This article is part of a series called Transforming communities with Sustainable Affordable Housing. The series demonstrates how energy-efficient, community-centered housing can foster resilience and well-being. Discover practical solutions for affordable, climate-friendly homes that improve lives and build a sustainable future.


In the mountain town of Rossland, BC, Rossland Yards, an ambitious affordable housing project developed by the Lower Columbia Affordable Housing Society (LCAHS), is making waves. Now that the 37-unit building is complete, LCAHS reflects on the journey, sharing insights into the impact it’s having on residents, the organization, and the community.

A wide angle photo of the Rossland Yards affordable housing building in Rosslands, BC
 
A new chapter for LCAHS and its residents

For the LCAHS, which has been providing affordable housing across the Kootenay Boundary region since 2013, the completion of Rossland Yards is a significant milestone. With 19 one-bedroom, 14 two-bedroom units, and 4 three-bedroom, the project directly supports local workers, ensuring the community can house essential service providers and workforce families.

“We've seen strong interest in the one- and three-bedroom units, particularly from singles and families,” said Tanya Dale from LCAHS. The units are reserved for tenants who meet BC Housing’s low- to moderate-income criteria, ensuring that the focus remains on serving the community's workforce.

The building is thoughtfully designed to reflect the needs of Rossland’s residents. Storage is plentiful, recognizing the community’s love of outdoor activities like skiing and camping. Bike storage, a highly sought-after feature, is already packed—underscoring the importance of aligning housing design with local active lifestyles.

Resident feedback: Comfort, security, and efficiency

Rossland Yards has quickly become a preferred home for many, thanks to the building’s high energy-efficiency standards. The project incorporates heat pumps for cooling and heat, triple-pane windows, and a well-insulated envelope, which not only improves comfort but also ensures resilience against extreme weather. 

“People appreciate how quiet and comfortable the building is—it’s not something you find easily in Rossland, where older, drafty homes are common,” Dale noted.

Energy efficiency has been a key goal, and for many residents, it has brought substantial benefits. "Heating costs are significantly lower, which has been a game-changer for tenants transitioning from older, less efficient homes," Dale explained. "While the 24/7 air filtration system does add to electricity use, the overall savings on heating have made a noticeable difference in utility costs for our residents."

Beyond the numbers, the feedback from residents has been overwhelmingly positive. Tenants feel secure in their new homes, appreciating the building’s thoughtful features, including cooling systems for hot summer days—a rarity in the area—and soundproofing between floors, which ensures a peaceful living experience.

The front facade of the Rossland Yards affordable housing building in Rosslands, BC
 
Strengthening the organization and the community

Rossland Yards has brought both challenges and exciting new opportunities to the LCAHS. Its location above Rossland City Hall has fostered a strong partnership with the municipality, enabling shared services like snow removal, garbage collection, and building maintenance. 

"Having the city as a partner has been a huge asset, providing visibility and practical support," said Dale. "This project truly shows what’s possible when local governments and housing providers come together."

While the partnership introduced some complexities, such as managing strata governance and insurance due to divided ownership among LCAHS, the City of Rossland, and the Provincial Rental Housing Corporation, the benefits far outweigh the challenges. "If we had to do it again, we might explore simpler models, but the collaborative support has been invaluable," Dale noted.

The impact of Rossland Yards has been substantial, now housing nearly 1 percent of the town’s population—a remarkable achievement for a community of 4,000. 

"It’s incredible to know we’re making such a real difference," Dale reflected. "And while there was some initial hesitation about a larger development downtown, the community has come to embrace it, recognizing the value it brings to Rossland."

An empty living space with windows and a door in the Rossland Yards affordable housing building in Rossland, BC
 
Future plans and lessons learned

As the LCAHS looks ahead, the focus remains on ensuring the building serves residents and the community for years to come. “We expect some turnover as people's lives change, but we’re already seeing tenants settle in for the long term,” Dale said. “Our goal is to keep offering stable housing for those who need it.”

“This project has been a learning experience. There were moments when things didn’t go as planned—especially with construction delays—but the results have been worth it. We’ve created something that truly serves the people of Rossland, and we’ve shown that thoughtful design and strong partnerships can overcome challenges.”

A lasting impact on Rossland

With its successful completion, Rossland Yards demonstrates that affordable housing can be more than just shelter—it can enhance quality of life, strengthen community bonds, and contribute to environmental goals. Stories like Rossland Yards remind us of the critical role affordable housing plays in building resilient communities.

LCAHS’s work on Rossland Yards provides a model for future projects across Canada, proving that with the right partnerships and community-focused design, even small towns can make a big impact.

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This article is part of a series called Transforming communities with Sustainable Affordable Housing. The series demonstrates how energy-efficient, community-centered housing can foster resilience and well-being. Discover practical solutions for affordable, climate-friendly homes that improve lives and build a sustainable future.


In the heart of Banff, AB, YWCA Banff’s Courtyard Project—now called Priscilla’s Place—has transformed the lives of its residents. Completed in late 2022, this net-zero, pet-friendly complex offers more than just housing. It provides security and a fresh start for those in need, fostering dignity, stability, and community. Supported by the Green Municipal Fund’s (GMF) Sustainable Affordable Housing (SAH) initiative, Priscilla’s Place demonstrates how sustainable affordable housing can be a game-changer.

A wide angle photo of the Priscilla's Place affordable housing complex in Banff, Alberta
 
A new beginning for residents

Priscilla’s Place fills a critical gap in Banff’s housing crisis, providing 33 energy-efficient units to individuals and families facing difficult circumstances. “We’ve been in a housing crisis forever,” said Ebony Rempel, CEO of YWCA Banff. “And it’s not just a lack of housing—it’s about having suitable, safe and quality spaces.”

For some residents, Priscilla’s Place is the first stable home they’ve had in years. “There was one couple who were sleeping in their car the week before they moved in,” shared Rempel. “We were rearranging space in our facility just to store people’s furniture and luggage because they’d ended their previous housing arrangements and had nowhere to go.”

In her role as CEO, Rempel doesn’t typically oversee move-ins, but the urgency of the housing crisis called for all hands on deck. “I was doing a walk-through with a woman moving into her unit, and as I was showing her the space, the doorknob fell off the closet,” she recalled with a laugh. “I told her, ‘Don’t worry, we’ll get that fixed.’ But she just looked at me and said, ‘I don’t care about that—where do I sign?’” Rempel reflected on how moments like this underline the transformative impact of having a place to call home: “It was the first time she’d ever been on the lease of her own place.”

Sustainable design for lasting resilience

Priscilla’s Place is not just affordable housing—it’s designed with sustainability in mind. The building features energy-efficient elements, including heat recovery ventilation and modular construction, helping reduce utility costs and minimize environmental impact. The pet-friendly design, bike storage facilities and proximity to trails and public transit align with Banff’s active, sustainable lifestyle, ensuring residents enjoy affordability, convenience and comfort. For example, the bike storage room—large enough to accommodate all 33 units—is consistently packed, while the parking lot remains largely empty. 

“It’s a reflection of how people here live—close to nature, with a strong focus on sustainability,” Rempel observed.

A side view of one of the Priscilla's Place affordable housing buildings in Bannf, Alberta
 
Overwhelming demand and lessons learned

YWCA Banff was surprised by the overwhelming response to the project. “We held an online info session during the pandemic, expecting a small turnout,” Rempel recalled. “Hundreds of people showed up, and applications flooded in.” Priscilla’s Place filled quickly, but the high demand underscored the need for continued housing development in the region.

Balancing high demand with the organization’s mission to serve the most vulnerable was a challenge. “We care deeply about supporting those most in need, but that also meant having to say no to others,” said Rempel. “That was tough—it really brought home how limited affordable housing options are in our community.”

A foundation for stability and independence

At Priscilla’s Place, residents are welcome to stay as long as they need. “Our model is about creating sustainable, permanent housing,” explained Rempel. “We’re not in the business of unhousing people. If someone’s income exceeds the income threshold, we help them transition into independent living.”

The building’s location next to a daycare has created additional opportunities for residents to build community and support each other. 

“One resident babysits her friend’s daughter during an overlap between daycare hours,” Rempel shared. “It’s those little connections that make a big difference.”

A side view of one of the Priscilla's Place affordable housing buildings in Bannf, Alberta
 
Future plans and growing impact

Priscilla’s Place is just the beginning for YWCA Banff. The organization is planning two major projects: a renovation of its main building—the former Mineral Springs Hospital—and a new development in Canmore called Higher Ground. “Higher Ground will be a mix of affordable housing, a women’s shelter, and community hub spaces for social services,” said Rempel. “We’re working with the Town of Canmore to make it a reality.”

Reflecting on Priscilla’s Place, Rempel emphasized how much the organization has learned. “The build was stressful—we faced cost escalations and delays during the pandemic—but we got through it. Now, we have the confidence to do more. Building affordable, sustainable housing isn’t easy, but it’s worth it.”

A model for community and sustainability

Priscilla’s Place shows how affordable housing can be both sustainable and community-centered. It’s not just a building; it’s a lifeline for people who need it most.  

“This project has been really incredible—for the residents and for us as an organization. Many of the people moving in have faced tough circumstances, and giving them a space that’s safe, beautiful, and affordable has been really special.”

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